WHAT  TO  SEE* 


AT 


^t& 


Plymouth 


THE  TOURIST'S  GUIDE 

WITH 

Maps  and  Illustrations* 


PRICE    10   CENTS. 


published  by  X  f .  MaRpfiY- 


The  Continental  Press  Co., 

Providencb,  R.  I. 

1897. 


(Former  private  residence  of  Jason  W.  Mixter.) 

first  Season  of  this  new,  Select  and  Attractive  family  fiotel, 
"Cfte  €Ittl$,"  Plymouth,  massaetoisetts. 


BEAUTIFULLY  located  on  Court  street,  the  main  street  of  the 
town ;  two  minutes  from  R.  R.  station  and  sea  shore,  convenient 
to  post  office,  churches,  golf  links,  bathing  beach  and  all  places 
of  interest  and  attraction.  Electric  cars  pass  every  half  hour;  rooms 
elegantly  furnished,  large  and  airy;  hot  water  heating;  nine  open  fire- 
places ;  chance  for  fire  in  every  room ;  all  appointments  of  the  house 
are  of  the  very  best;  perfect  sanitary  arrangements,  two  bath  rooms, 
three  toilet  rooms,  eight  lavoratories ;  rooms  frescoed  throughout,  and 
hard  wood  finish ;  excellent  service;  good  refined  family  table.  WiH 
be  opened  June  ist.    For  photographs  and  information  address 

Zbe  jClms,  pl^moutb,  /Bass. 


Situated  in  the  most  beautiful  spot  in  Plymouth,  over- 
looking Plymouth  Harbor,- Duxbury  and  Massachusetts 
Bay.  Pleasant  grounds  and  broad  piazzas,  with  all  modern 
conveniences.  The  cuisine  of  the  Pilgrim  is  noted  for  its 
excellence.  Electric  cars  go  right  to  the  hotel  Special 
cars  from  the  depot  on  arrival  of  trains.  Send  for  circu- 
lars and  full  particulars. 

Y).  H.  Roberts,  Plymouth,  JMass- 


UNIVERSITY  OF  MASSACHUSETTS 
AT  AMHERST 


UNIVERSITY  LIBRARY 

Special  Collections  &  Rare  Books 


GIFT  OF 


WAITT  &  BOND'S 


The  Leading  Cigar 
in  New  England,® 


THE  famous  Blackstone  Case,  the  most 
important  one  in  the  history  of  the  cigar 
business,  as  finally  been  settled  in  our  favor, 
and  we  are  now  the  only  manufacturers  of  this 
celebrated  brand  in  the  United  States. 

WAITT  &  BOND, 

53  BLACKSTONE  ST., 

■  BOSTON,   MASS. 


O  s 


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o 


H  £ 


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WHAT  TO  SEE 


PLYMOUTH. 


THE  TOURIST'S  GUIDE 


WITH 


Maps  and  Illustrations, 


PRICE    10  CENTS. 


PUBLISHED  BY  J,  F,  MURPHY. 


PRESS  OF 

The  Continental  Press  Co., 
Providence,  R.  I. 

1S97. 


Descriptive  and  historic  pipmoutb- 


THIRTY-SEVEN  miles  from  Boston  lies  the 
historic  town  of  Plymouth,  which  viewed  sim- 
ply as  the  landing  place  of  the  Pilgrims,  has 
an  interest  which  attaches  to  no  other  place  in 
America.  But  who  ever  supposes,  and  thousands 
have  heretofore  made  the  mistake,  that  this  ancient 
town  depends  alone  upon  its  historic  connection 
for  the  element  of  attractiveness,  stands  in  need  of 
enlightenment.  Indeed,  no  situation  on  the  entire 
Massachusetts  coast  presents  so  many  and  so  va- 
ried features  which  go  to  make  up  the  ideal  sum- 
mering place.  The  beauties  of  its  scenery,  the 
unusual  heathfulness  of  its  air,  the  variety  of  its 
drives,  and  its  unbounded  resources  for  its  sports- 
men and  pleasure  seekers,  have  been  more  widely 
recognized  with  each  coming  season. 

As  the  tourist  nears  his  destination  his  attention 
is  engaged  with  a  view  of  Plymouth  Harbor  spread 
out  before  him,  the  same  scene  in  all  its  essential 
particulars  as  that  which  greeted  the  Pilgrims 
more  than  two  and  a  half  centuries  ago.  Here  can 
be  seen  Clark's  Island,  where  the  Pilgrims  spent 
their  first  Sabbath,  the  headland  of  Saquish  and 
the  twin  light-houses  of  Gurnet.  Near  the  light- 
house stands  a  station  of  the  United  States  Life 
Saving  Service. 


(«) 


Pulpit  Rock,  Clark's  Island. 

Hut  the  iron  horse  partakes  nothing  of  the  trav- 
eler's sentimental  feelings  and  the  train  runs 
swiftly  on  into  the  station  which  is  the  terminus 
of  this  branch  of  the  New  York,  New  Haven  and 
Hartford  Railroad.  The  reader,  then,  having  re- 
moved the  stains  of  travel  at  one  of  the  many  hotels 
sallies  out  refreshed  for  sight  seeing,  and  a  few 
minutes'  walk  brings  him  to  the  first  point  of  inter- 
est, a  rough  granite  building  on  the  left  side  of  the 
street,  whose  Doric  columns  and  portico  gives  it 
almost  the  look  of  a  Greek  temple. 


(7) 


PILGRIM  HALL. 

It  is  Pilgrim  Hall,  within  whose  walls  the  tour- 
ist can  spend  a  profitable  hour  in  inspecting  the 
many  relics  of  pilgrim  and  colonial  days  Before 
entering,  however,  let  us  look  about  a  little.  Upon 
the  pediment  of  the  porch  will  be  noticed  a  finely 
executed  allegorical  group  in  demi-relief,  repre- 
senting the  landing.  In  front  of  the  hall,  and  to 
the  left  of  the  visitor's  path,  is  seen,  enclosed  in  an 
elliptical  iron,  fence,  a  marble  slab,  bearing  as  an 
inscription  the  wording  of  the  memorable  ''com- 
pact,'1 \nade  in  the  cabin  of  the  Mayflower.      The 


(8) 

hall  itself  is  now  entered.  The  building  was  erected 
in  1824,  but  in  1880  it  was  greatly  improved  in  its 
internal  arrangements  through  the  generosity  of 
Mr.  Joseph  Stickney  of  Baltimore,  an  inscription 
acknowledging  whose  liberality  meets  the  visitor's 
eye  as  he  enters  the  vestibule.  To  the  right,  as  one 
enters,  is  the  reception  room,  where  visitors  regis- 
ter their  names  and  pay  the  usual  small  fee  for 
admission  to  the  main  hall.  In  the  reception  room 
however,  the  tourist  should  not  neglect  to  give  a 
moment  to  the  examination  of  the  small  picture 
of  the  landing,  presented  by  Col.  Shaw,  as  well  as 
the  portraits  of  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  and  Gov.  Trum- 
bull of  Connecticut,  with  old  engravings,  etc., 
which  hang  upon  the  walls.  The  most  important 
relic  in  the  reception  room,  however,  is  a  parch- 
ment commission  from  Oliver  Cromwell,  Lord 
Proctor  of  England,  to  Governor  Edward  Winslow, 
as  one  of  the  arbitrators  between  Great  Britain 
and  the  United  Provinces  of  Holland.  This  is 
particularly  valuable  from  having  a  contempora- 
neous portrait  of  Cromwell,  which  is  in  the  upper 
left-hand  corner.  The  original  signature  was  torn 
off  by  some  unscrupulous  visitor,  in  the  time  of 
free  admission,  but  has  been  supplied  by  a  finely 
executed  fac-simile. 

The  main  hall,  which  is  next  entered,  is  forty-six 
by  thirty-nine  feet  in  dimensions,  and  is  lighted 
fully  and  pleasantly  from  the  large  roof  skylight, 
there  being  no  side  windows. 

Fronting  the  entrance,  at  the  east  end  of  the  hall, 
hangs  the  large  painting,  thirteen  by  sixteen  feet- 


(9) 

of  the  Landing,  painted  by  Henry  Sargent,  an  am- 
ateur artist  of  Boston,  and  by  him  presented  to  the 
Pilgrim  Society  in  1834.  Its  estimated  value  is 
.$3,000,  The  massive  frame  was  retouched  and  the 
canvas  cleansed  at  the  time  of  the  general  repairs 
upon  the  building  in  1880.  The  two  other  most 
notable  paintings  are  a  fine  copy  of  Weir's  'Embar- 
kation,' (the  original  of  which  is  in  the  Capitol  at 
Washington),  and  Lucy's  great  painting  of  the 
'Embarkation  from  Delft  Haven,  Holland.1  The 
latter  is  a  gift  from  ex-Governor  Alexander  H 
Rice  of  Boston.  To  this  picture  was  awarded  the 
British  government  prize  of  £1,000  at  Westminster 
Hall,  London,  in  1848.  Hugh  Stowell  Brown  says 
of  it:  "The  Speedwell  is  waiting  for  the  exiles  at 
Delft  Haven.  They  all  assembled  on  the  shore  on 
the  morning  of  the  22d  of  July,  1620.  The  pastor 
knelt  upon  the  shore,  and  surrounded  by  the  sob- 
bing multitude,  poured  out  his  soul  in  fervent 
prayer  on  their  behalf."  This  is  the  deeply  inter- 
esting moment  which  the  artist  has  happily  chosen. 
Many  other  objects  of  interest  will  be  seen  about 
the  hall.  Here  are  the  chairs  of  Elder  Brewster 
and  Governor  Carver,  which  were  brought  over  in 
the  Mayflower,  the  cradle  in  which  was  rocked 
Peregrine  White,  the  first  child  born  in  the  colony ; 
the  sword  of  Myles  Standish,  with  the  Arabic  in- 
scriptions upon  the  blade,  and  to  which  Longfellow 
alludes  in  his  'Courtships' :- 

"Suddenly  breaking  the  silence,  the  diligent  scribe 
interrupting, 


Landing  of  the  Pilgrims. —  Painting  by  Sargent. 


Embarkation  of  the  Pilgrims. 


(11) 

Spake,  in  the  pride  of  his  heart,  Myles  Standish, 

the  Captain  of  Plymouth. 
'Look  at  these  arms,'  he  said  ;  'the  warlike  weapons 

that  hang  here, 
Burnished  and  bright  and  clean,  as  if  for  parade 

or  inspection ! 
This  is  the  sword  of  Damascus  I  fought  with  in 

Flanders.1  " 
The  inscriptions  upon  the  Standish  sword  had 
always  remained  untranslated  until  the  evening 
of  June  7,  1871,  when  Prof.  Rosedale,  a  native  of 
Palestine,  and  an  accomplished  linguist,  visited 
Pilgrim  Hall,  by  invitation  and  examined  the 
ancient  weapon.  The  Professor  stated  that  the 
inscriptions  are  of  two  dates,  one  of  them  in  Cufic 
Arabic,  very  old,  and  the  other  Mediaeval  Arabic, 
of  a  later  period,  but  still  very  ancient.  The  later 
one,  Prof.  Rosedale  readily  translated  as  follows: 
"With  peace  God  ruled  his  slaves,  and  with  the 
judgment  of  His  arm,  He  troubled  the  mighty  of 
the  wicked.1'  The  word  "slaves",  means,  in  our 
language,  creatures;  and  by  "the  mighty  of  the 
wicked,"  is  meant  the  most  powerful  and  evil  of 
the  wicked.  The  professor  further  said  that  the 
sword  is  probably  one  of  the  most  ancient  weapons 
in  existence,  and  is  of  great  value.  He  thinks  it 
dates  back  at  least  to  two  or  three  hundred  years 
before  the  Christain  era,  and  may  be  possibly  much 
older  than  that.  The  older  characters  he  did  not 
attempt  to  decipher  at  the  time  of  his  visit,  but  he 
took  a  copy  with  him  to  endeaver  to  translate  at 
his  leisure.      He  wa's  of  the  impression,  however, 


Tablet  of  the  Compact  Adjoin- 
Model  of  the  Mayflower,  ing  Pilgrim  Hall. 


(13) 

that   the  meaning  was   synonymous    with   that   of   the 
later  inscription. 


Sword,  Pot  and  Platter  of  Myles  Standish. 
In  the  Hall  are  also  shown  John  Alden's  Bible, 
a  deed  acknowledged  before  Alden  in  1653,  an  orig- 
inal letter  of  Metacomet,  otherwise  called  King 
Phillip,  chief  of  the  Wampanoags,  and  many  other 
interesting  relics. 

In  remodeling  the  building,  it  wras  the  intention 
to  devote  the  upper  or  main  hall  exclusively  to  the 
display  of  Pilgrim  mementos,  while  in  the  base- 
ment is  a  smaller  hall,  in  which   are   arranged  in 


(14) 

cases  and  around  the  walls  a  miscellaneous  collec- 
tion of  relics  other  than  those  relating  to  the 
Pilgrims.  These,  hardly  less  than  the  exhibits  in 
the  main  hall,  merit  the  visitor's  examination. 
Leaving  Pilgrim  Hall  and  passing  onward  up  the 
street,  a  few  steps  brings  the  tourist  to  the  Court 
House,  a  handsome  dark-brown  building,  setting 
well  back  from  the  street,  fronted  by  a  well-kept 
lawn,  in  whose  centre  a  fountain  sends  up  its 
graceful  spray.  The  building,  which  was  built  in 
L820  and  remodeled  in  Ls57,  is  one  of  the  finest  edi- 
fices of  the  kind  in  Massachusetts,  its  main  court 
room  in  particular  being  a  high-studded,  nobly 
proportioned  apartment. 

Upon  the  front  of  the  court  house  is  a  mural 
tablet  of  white  marble,  with  the  seal  of  the  Old 
Colony  sculptured  in  relief.  The  quarterings  of 
the  shield  represent  four  kneeling  figures,  each 
having  a  flaming  heart  in  its  hands.  On  one  side 
of  each  of  the  figure-  i-  a  -mall  tree,  indicative,  as 
is  supposed,  of  the  infant  growth  of  the  plantation. 
The  attitude  and  semi-nude  appearance  of  the  fi- 
gures indecate  that  they  are  Indians,  and  are  at 
once  significant  of  their  subjection,  hearty  welcome 
and  ultimate  loyalty.  About  the  seal  are  the 
words:  "Plimovth  Xov-Anglia  Sigillvm  Societa- 
tis,"  with  the  date  "1620"  above  the  shield.  Within 
the  court  house,  the  most  interesting  room  to  the 
visitor,  is  that  of  the  register  of  deeds.  Here  are 
preserved  the  old  records  of  Plymouth  Colony,  the 
will  of  Myles  Standish,  and  the  original  patent 
granted  to  the  company  in  1029,  by  Earl  Warwick, 


Court  House. 


with  its  great  wax  seal  and  the  box  in  which  it 
was  brought  from  England,  together  with  many 
ancient  Indian  deeds,  etc.  In  the  rear  of  the  court 
house  is  the  county  jail  and  the  house  of  the  sher- 
iff. 

Passing  once  more  along  the  pleasant  street,  with 
its  overarching  elms,  we  come  to  Shirley  Square, 
whence,  turning  to  the  left  down  North  Street, 
towards  the  water,  we  come  to  Cole's  Hill  where, 
in  the  severe  winter  that  followed  the  Pilgrims* 
landing  they  buried  half  of  their  number,  levelling 
the  graves,  and  in   the   ensuing   spring  planting 


(16) 

corn  above  them,  so  that  the  Indians  might  not  be 
able  to  count  the  mounds  and  so  learn  the  terrible 
story.  The  cause  of  the  rapid  mortality  among 
the  Pilgrims  was  scurvy,  and  other  diseases  in- 
duced by  exposure  to  the  weather,  poor  and  insuffi- 
cient food  and  clothing,  and  hastily  built  dwellings. 
The  commanding  position  of  the  hill,  overlooking 
the  harbor  as  it  does,  led  to  its  selection  in  1742for 
the  location  of  a  battery.  The  first  fortifications 
were  replaced  by  others  in  1775,  and  still  a  third 
fort  was  thrown  up  here  in  1814.  But  the  visitor 
will  not  let  the  recollection  of  these  matters  too 
long  fix  his  attention  to  the  hill,  for  before  him,  at 
the  foot  of  the  grassy  slope,  is  situated  Plymouth 
Rock,  the  corner  stone  of  a  great  nation. 

Descending  the  flight  of  steps  which  lead  down 
the  hill,  the  sight-seer  stands  face  to  face  with  the 
most  interesting  historical  relic  on  this  continent. 
The  piece  of  rock  which  is  in  view  of  the  visitor 
lay  for  many  years  in  front  of  Pilgrim  Hall.  In 
1774  an  attempt  to  remove  the  rock  to  the  foot  of 
the  liberty  pole  in  Town  Square'  resulted  in  its 
separation  and  while  the  upper  half  alone  was 
removed,  the  lower  remained  in  its  bed.  On  the 
4th  of  July,  1834,  the  severed  portion,  which  since 
1774  had  remained  in  the  square,  and  by  the  side 
of  which  an  elm  tree  was  planted  in  1784,  was 
removed  to  the  front  yard  of  Pilgrim  Hall,  and 
the  next  year  enclosed  by  the  iron  fence  which 
now  on  another  spot  surrounds  the  stone  slab  bear- 
ing the  text  of  the  compact.  The  remainder  of 
the  rock  continued  in  its  bed,  merely  showing  its 


(1') 


Cole's  Hill  and  Canopy  Over  Plymouth  Rock. 

surface  above  the  earth  until  1859,  when  the  laud 
upon  which  it  stands  came  under  the  control  of 
the  Pilgrim  Society  and  steps  were  taken  to  carry 
out  a  previously  formed  plan  of  erecting  over  it  a 
granite  canopy.  In  1859  the  corner  stone  was  laid. 
The  canopy  consists  of  four  angle  piers,  decorated 
with  three-quarter  reeded  columns  of  the  Tuscan 
order,  standing  on  pedestals  and  supporting  a  com- 
posed entablature  above  which  is  an  attic.  Be- 
tween the  piers  on  each  face,  is  an  open  arch,  so 
that  the  rock  is  visible  from  all  sides,  and  the 
arches  are  fitted  with  iron  gates.      The  canopy 


(18) 


Plymouth  Rock. 


measures  about  fifteen  feet  square  and  is  thirty  feet 
high.  In  1880  the  severed  portion  of  the  rock  was 
restored  to  its  old  resting  place,  and  it  now  lies 
within  the  canopy  reunited  to  its  fellow  rock. 

The  authenticity  of  the" story  of  the  landing  on 
this  rock,  rests  both  upon  general  tradition  and 
well-defined  statements  transmitted  from  genera- 
tion to  generation.  Among  them  may  be  mention- 
ed the  statement  of  Ephraim  Spooner  and  others 
to  persons  either  now  living  or  recently  deceased, 
that  in  1741,  when  it  was  proposed  to  construct  a 


The  Oldest  Grave.  Elder  Brewster's  Chair, 

wharf  over  the  rock.  Elder  Thomas  Faunce,  born 
in  1647  and  then  ninety-four  years  of  age,  was 
carried  in  a  chair  to  the  spot,  and,  supposing  it 
about  to  be  buried  forever,  bade  it  an  affectionate 
farewell  as  the  first  resting-  place  of  the  feet  of  the 
Pilgrims;  He  stated  that  his  father,  John  Faunce, 
who  came  over  in  the  Ann  in  1623,  had  repeatedly 
told  him  the  story.  He  was  old  enough  to  have 
heard  the  story  from  the  Mayflower's  passengers 
themselves.  He  was  ten  years  old  when  Governor 
Bradford  died,  twenty-four  when  John  Howland 
died,  nine  years  old  when  Myles  Standish  died,  and 
thirty-nine  when  John  Alden  died,  and  he  would 
have  been  at  least  likely  to  have  learned  from  them, 
whether  the  storv  of  his  father  was  correct  or  not 


(20) 

Leaving-  the  rock,  and  proceeding  toward  the 
centre  of  the  town  once  more,  we  pass  through 
Leyden  street,  where  the  Pilgrims  built  their  dwell- 
ings, to  Town  Square,  where  may  be  seen  the  "Con- 
gregationalist  Church  of  the  Pilgrimage,1'  with  its 
chapel  adjacent.  It  was  erected  in  1840,  and  its 
chapel  is  believed  to  stand  on  the  exact  spot  occu- 
pied by  the  first  church  of  the  Pilgrims.  Of  this 
first  structure  but  little  is  known  except  that  it 
was  erected  in  1638  (the  forefathers  before  that 
time  worshipping  in  the  fort  on  the  hill)  and  had 
a  bell.  In  1683  a  new  building  was  erected,  not  on 
the  same  lot,  but  farther  out  in  the  square  and 
fronting  it.  This  was  forty-five  by  forty  feet,  six- 
teen feet  in  the  walls,  had  a  Gothic  roof,  diamond 
window-glass  and  a  bell. 

In  1744,  still  another  church  was  built,  on  or  near 
the  same  sight.  This  remained  until  the  present 
one  was  built,  which  stands  further  up  the  hill 
than  the  previous  ones.  IS  early  opposite  the 
"Church  of  the  Pilgrimage1'  is  an  old  building,  now 
the  town  house.  This  was  built  in  1759,  as  a  coun- 
ty court  house,  the  town  contributing  a  part  of  the 
cost  for  the  privilege  of  using  it.  "When  the  new 
court  house  was  built  in  1820,  this  building  was 
purchased  by  the  town.  The  entrance  to  it  for 
some  years  after  it  was  built  was  from  the  east  end, 
by  a  broad  flight  of  steps.  About  1787  these  were 
taken  away,  and  the  entrance  fixed  as  at  present 
to  make  a  market  in  the  basement,  which  was 
kept  there  as  a  town  market  until  about  1848.  Fa- 
cing the  square  is  the  Church  of  the  First  Parish, 


(21) 


Burial  Hill. 


the  original  church  of  the  Pilgrims.  It  is  now  of 
the  Unitarian  denomination.  The  present  church 
an  imitation  of  the  Gothic,  was  built  in  1830. 

The  eminence  which  rises  above  the  square  i 
Burial  Hill.  Here  is  seen  the  monument  to  Gov 
ernor  Bradford,  and  that  to  Robert  and  Thomas 
( 'ashman.  To  the  left,  just  below  the  Cushman 
monument,  is  a  marble  tablet  which  marks  the 
spot  where  the  fort  of  the  little  colony  was  located. 
The  edifice  was  also  their  church  where  they  wor- 
shipped God  in  the  freedom  which  they  were  for- 
ced to  cross  the  stormy  sea  to  find.  From  the  hill 
a  beautiful  view  is  obtained  of  the  town  and  harbor 
of  Plymouth,  and  of  the  Standish  monument  on 


(22) 

Captain's  Hill  Duxburv.  Opposite  is  Watson's 
Hill,  which  was  a  favorite  resort  of  the  Indians, 
and  is  famous  as  the  scene  of  the  treaty  with  Mas- 
sasoit,  which  conduced  so  effectually  to  the  safety 
and  permanence  of  the  Colony. 

On  Burial  Hill,  in  addition  to  the  fort  previously 
mentioned,  were  erected  a  brick  water  tower,  whose 
corners  are  marked  by  four  stone  posts,  and  later, 
a  second  fortification,  containing  three  pieces  of 
ordinance.  Among  the  many  monuments  and 
head-stones  on  Burial  Hill,  the  marble  obelisk  to 
Gov.  Bradford  is  conspicuous.  The  oldest  stone  is 
that  to  the  memory  of  Edward  Gray,  a  merchant 
and  one  of  the  wealthiest  men  of  the  colony,  which 
bears  the  date  of  1681.  There  are  but  four  other 
original  stones  having  dates  in  the  seventeenth 
century,  to  William  Crowe  (1683-4),Thomas  Clarke, 
the  reputed  mate  of  the  Mayflower,  (1697),  Mrs. 
Hannah  Clark  (1687),  and  John  Cotton  (1699).  On 
the  westerly  side  of  the  hill  is  a  monument  erected 
by  Stephen  Gale  of  Portland,  Maine:  "To  the  mem- 
ory of  seventy-two  seamen,  who  perished  in  Ply- 
mouth harbor  on  the  26th  and  27th  days  of  Decem- 
ber, 1778,  on  board  the  private  armed  brig.  Gen. 
Arnold,  of  twenty  guns,  James  Magee  of  Boston, 
commanding;  sixty  of  whom  are  buried  on  this 
spot.  There  are  many  quaint  inscriptions  to  be 
read  upon  the  head-stones,  and  the  visitor  who 
descends  the  hill  before  making  a  careful  search 
over  them  will  lose  a  most  interesting  experience. 


o 

60 


Monuments  and  Inscriptions* 

"<  'an  storied  urn,  or  animated  bust. 
Hack  to  its  mansion  call  the  fleeting  breath? 

Can  honor's  voice  provoke  the  silent  dust, 
Or  flattery  soothe  the  dull,  cold  ear  of  death?" 

Close  around  us  are  the  last  resting  places  of 
many  of  the  first  coiners.  The  marble  obelisk  in 
memory  of  Gov.  William  Bradford,  the  second 
Governor,  with  its  untranslatable  Hebrew  text; 
and  its  Latin  inscription,  freely  rendered :  "Do 
not  basely  relinquish  what  the  Fathers  with  diffi- 
culty attained."  erected  in  1825,  is  near  to  us,  and 
around  it  are  numerous  stones,  marking-  the  rest- 
ing places  of  his  descendants.  A  little  back,  on  a 
path  to  the  rear  entrance  to  the  hill,  is  the  oldest 
stone  in  the  cemetery.  It  must  be  remembered 
that  for  many  years  the  colonists  had  far  other 
cares,  and  many  other  uses  for  their  little  savings, 
than  to  provide  stones  to  mark  their  graves.  These 
had  to  be  imported  from  England  at  much  cost 
and  consequently  it  was  some  years  before  any 
were  able  to  afford  the  expense.  The  oldest  stone 
is  that  to  the  memory  of  Edward  Gray,  1681.  Mr. 
Gray  was  a  merchant,  and  one  of  the  wealthiest 
men  in  the  colony.      Near  the  head  of  this  path  is 


(25) 
a  stone  to  William  Crowe,  1683-4.  Near  by  is  one 
to  Thomas  ('lark**,  1697,  erroneously  reported  to 
have  been  the  mate  of  the  Mayflower,  but  who 
came  in  the  Ann,  in  1623.  Clark's  Island, supposed 
by  many  to  have  been  named  for  Thomas  Clark 
received  its  name  from  John  Clark,  now  known  to 
have  been  the  mate  of  the  Mayflower.  Beside  the 
grave  of  Thomas  Clark  is  that  of  his  son,  Natha- 
niel.who  was  one  of  the  Councillors  of  Sir  Edmund 
Andros,  Governor  of  New  England.  Other  old 
stones  are  those  of  Mrs.  Hannah  Clark,  1697;  and 
John  Cotton,  1699.  These  are  all  the  original  stones, 
hearing  dates  in  the  seventeenth  century.  There 
are  some  with  dates  of  that  century  which  have 
been  erected  since,  by  descendants,  including  the 
monument  to  Gov.  Bradford,  before  alluded  to  ;  the 
monument  to  Robert  Cushman,  and  the  stone  over 
the  remains  of  John  Howland.  The  inscription  on 
the  latter  stone  reads  as  follows: 

Here  ended  the  pilgrimage  of  John  Howland  and  Eliz- 
abeth, his  wife.  She  was  the  daughter  of  Governor  Carver. 
They  arrived  in  the  Mayflower,  December,  ltV_>i».  They  had 
four  sons  and  six  daughters,  from  whom  are  descended  a 
numerous  posterity. 

1672,  Feb'y  23d,  John  Howland,  of  Plymouth,  deceased. 
He  lived  to  the  age  of  eighty  years.  He  was  the  last  man 
that  was  left  of  those  that  came  over  in  the  ship  called  the 
Mayflower,  that  lived  in  Plymouth.— [Plymouth  Records. 

Near  the  Bradford  monument  are  the  graves  of 
his  family.  The  face  of  the  stone  at  the  grave  of 
his  son,  Major  William  Bradford,  shelled  off  in 
1876-7,  but  the  inscription  has  since  been  retraced. 


(26) 
The  cut  following  is  reproduced  from  a  view  taken 
of  the  original,  and  is  an  exact  fac  simile: 


/£ 


f^|!  ISM  LXESTf  BUitt.O 

|y  ummMML  w$m 

mihhvm  mi  Aim  Kb 

Sflf  who  expired  wmim 

k  AE3  %%  YEAR 


mis  |«^7£;M  -  I: 


Here    lyes  ye    body     of   ye    honourable    Major    Willliara 
Bradford,  who  expired  Feb'y  ye  20th,  1703-4,  aged  79  years. 
He  lived  long,  but  still  was  doing  good, 
And  in  his  country's  service  lost  much  blood, 
After  a  life  well  spent,  he's  now  at  rest, 
His  very  name  and  memory  is  blest. 

At  the  grave  of  another  son,  the  headstone  reads 
as  follows: 

Here  lyes  interred  ye  body  of  Mr.  Joseph  Bradford,  son  to 
the  late  Honorable  William  Bradford,  Esq.,  Governor  of 
Plymouth  Colony,  who  departed  this  life  July  the  10th,  1715, 
in  the  eighty-fifth  year  of  his  age. 


(27) 
The  following  are  some  of  tho  inscriptions  of  the 

older  stones: 

Here  lyes  ye  body  of  Mrs..  Hannah  Sturtevant,  aged 
above  sixty-four  years.    Dec.  in  March.  1708-9. 

Here  lyes  buried  the  body  of  Mr.  Thomas  Faunce,  ruling 
elder  of  the  First  Church  of  Christ  in  Plymouth       Deceased 
Feb'y  27,  1745,  in  the  ninety-ninth  year  of  his  age. 
The  fathers— where  are  they? 
Blessed  are  the  dead  who  die  in  the  Lord. 

[Elder  Faunce  was  the  last  who  held  the  office 
of  ruling-  elder  in  the  church.  He  was  eotemporary 
with  many  of  the  first  comers,  and  from  him  comes 
much  of  the  information  we  possess  about  the 
localities  now  venerated.] 

The  epitaphs  in  old  graveyards  possess  much 
interest  to  the  lovers  of  the  quaint  and  curious, 
and  tli is  first  cemetery  of  New  England  is  not 
without  its  attractions  of  that  kind  The  following 
are  some  of  the  most  interesting: 

This  stone  is  erected  to  the  memory  of  that  unbiased 
judge,  faithful  officer,  sincere  friend,  and  honest  man.  Col. 
Isaac  Lothrop,  who  resigned  this  life  on  tne  26th  day  of 
April,  1750,  in  the  forty-third  year  of  his  age. 

Had  Virtue's  charms  the  power  to  save 
Its  faithful  votaries  from  the  grave, 
This  stone  had  ne'er  possessed  the  fame 
Of  being  marked  with  Lothrop's  name. 

A  row  of  stones  on  the  top  of  the  hill,  near  the 
marble  tablet  marking  the  locality  of  the  Watch 
Tower,  is  raised  to  the  memory  of  the  ministers  of 
the  First  Parish.  Back  of  these  is  the  Judson  lot, 
where  the  sculptor's  chisel  has  perpetuated  the 
remembrance  of  Rev.  Adoniram  Judson,  the  cele- 
brated  missionary  to  Burmah,    whose    body  was 


(28) 

committed  to  the  keeping  of  old  ocean.  On  the 
westerly  side  of  the  hill  is  a  monument  erected  by 
Stephen  Gale  of  Portland,  Maine: 

To  the  memory  of  seventy-two  seamen,  who  perished  in 
I'lymouth  Harbor,  on  the  26th  and  27th  days  of  December 
L778,  on  board  the  private  armed  brig.  General  Arnold,  of 
twenty  guns,  James  Magee,  of  Boston,  Commander;  sixty, 
of  whom  were  buried  in  this  spot 

We  are  under  obligations  for  the  following  cu- 
rious epitaphs  to  Mr.  Edgar  C.  Raymond,  who  from 
his  occupation,  and  from  having  had  charge  of  the 
hill  several  years,  acquired  an  intimate  knowledge 
of  the  old  and  new  stones,  and  is  a  ready  guide  to 
those  of  special  note. 

About  midway  on  the  easterly  slope,  a  little  to 
the  north  of  the  main  path  up  the  hill,  we  will 
begin : 

On  the  stone  to  a  child  aged  one  month  : 
He  glanced  into  our  world  to  se^ 
A  sample  of  our  miserie. 

On  a  stone  a  little  farther  north,  to  the  memory 
of  four  children,  aged  respectively  thirty-six, 
twenty-one,  seventeen,  and  two  years: 

Stop,  traveller,  and  shed  a  tear 
Upon  the  fate  of  children  dear, 

On  the  path  towards  the  school-house, on  a  stone 
to  a  woman  with  an  infant  child  by  her  side: 
Come  view  the  seen,  'twill  fill  you  with  surprise, 
Behold  the  loveliest  form  in  nature  dies; 
At  noon  she  flourished,  blooming  fair  and  gay; 
At  evening  an  extended  corpse  she  lay. 

Near  the  entrance  to  this  path  is  the  grave  of  a 


(29) 

Revolutionary  soldier,    Capt.  Jacob  Taylor;  died 
1788: 

Through  life  he  braved  her  foe,  if  great  or  small. 
And  marched  out  foremost  at  his  country's  call. 

On  this  path  is  the  grave  of  Joseph  Bartlett,  who 
died  in  1708: 

Thousands  of  years  after  blest  Abel's  fall, 

'Twas  said  of  him.  being  dead  he  speaketh  yet  ; 
From  silent  grave  methinks  I  hear  a  call:— 

Pray,  fellow  mortals,  don't  your  death  forget. 
You  that  your  eyes  cast  on  this  grave, 
Know  you  a  dying  time  must  have. 

Near  the  same  place  is  a  curious  stone,  to  the 
memory  of  John  Cotton  : 

Here  lyes  interred  three  children,  viz  ,  three  sons  of 

Rev.  Mr.  Johx  Cotton,  who  died  in  the  work 

of  the  gospel   ministry  at  Charleston, 

South  Carolina,  Sept-  ye  18th,  1869, 

where  he  had  great  success,  and  seven  sons  of  Josiah  Cotton 

Esq.,  who  died  in  their  infancy. 

On  the  southerly  slope  of  the  hill,  near  a  little 
pine  grove,  is  a  stone  to  a  child. 

The  fathers  have  eaten  sour  grapes,  and  the  children's 
teeth  are  set  on  edge. 

On  the  westerly  slope  of  the  hill,  near  the  corner 
of  the  school-house  yard,  is  a  stone  worth  viewing 
for  the  elaborate  cutting  ot  a  form  resembling  in 
features  those  of  General  Washington.  It  is  to 
the  memory  of  Thomas  Spooner. 

Near  here  is  a  stone  in  memory  of  Andrew 
Farrell,  owner  and  master  of  the  brig  Hibernia 
which  was  wrecked  in  this  harbor,  and  the  captain 
and  seven  seamen  lost,  January  28,  1805. 


(30) 

Another  stone  near  this  locality  refers  to  Job 
vii.:  8,  9,  10. 

On  a  stone  to  the  memory  of  Thomas  .Jackson 
died  in  1794: 

The  spider's  most  attenuated  thread 

Is  cord,  is  cable,  to  man's  tender  tie. 

Martha  Cotton,  179H. 

Many  years  I  lived, 

Many  painful  scenes  I  passed, 

Till  God  at  last 

Called  me  home. 

In  a  long-  lot,  enclosed  with  an  iron  fence: 
F.  \V.  Jackson,  obit.  Mch.  23,  1797,  lyr.,  7  dys. 
Heaven  knows  what  man 
He  might  have  made.    But  we 
He  died  a  most  rare  boy. 
Fannie  Crombie. 
As  young  as  beautiful !  and  soft  as  young, 
And  gay  as  soft !  and  innocent  as  gay. 
"William  Keen*:. 
This  modest  stone,  what  few  vain  marbles  can, 
May  truly  say,  Here  lies  an  honest  man ; 
Calmly  he  looked  on  either  life,  and  here 
Saw  nothing  to  regret  or  there  to  fear; 
From  nature's  temperate  feast  rose  satisfied, 
Thanked  Heaven  that  he  had  lived  and  that  he  died. 

On  the  path  by  the  fence  in  the  rear  of  the  hill 

The  father  and  the  children  dead, 

We  hope  to  Heaven  their  souls  have  fled. 

The  widow  now  alone  is  left, 

Of  all  her  family  bereft 

May  she  now  put  her  trust  in  God, 

To  heal  the  wound  made  by  his  rod. 

On  a  stone  raised  to  the  memory  of  a  young 
child: 


(SI) 


He  listened  for  awhile  to  hear 

Our  mortal  griefs;  then  tun'd  his  ear 

To  angel  harps  and  songs,  and  cried 

To  join  their  notes  celestial,  sigh'd  and  died. 

A  little  farther  on  in  this  path  is  the  stone  to 
Tabitha  Plasket,  1807.  The  epitaph  on  which, 
written  by  herself,  breathes  such  a  spirit  of  de- 
fiance that  it  attracts  much  attention  : 

Adieu,  vain  world,  I've  seen  enough  of  thee: 

And  I  am  careless  what  thou  sayest  of  me; 

Thy  smiles  I  wish  not, 

Nor  thy  frowns  I  fear, 

I  am  now  at  rest,  my  head  lies  quiet  here. 

Mrs.  Plasket,  in  her  widowhood,  taught  a  private 
school  for  small  children,  at  the  same  time  as  was 
the  custom  of  her  day,  doing  her  spinning.  Her 
mode  of  punishment  was  to  pass  skeins  of  yarn 
under  the  arms  of  the  little  culprits,  and  hang 
them  upon  nails.  A  suspended  row  was  a  ludi- 
crous sight. 

Mr.  Joseph  Plasket  (husband  of  Tabitha)  died  in 
1794,  at  the  age  of  forty-eight  years.  The  widow 
wrote  his  epitaph  as  follows: 

All  you  that  doth  behold  my  stoue, 
Consider  how  soon  I  was  gone. 
Death  does  not  always  warning  give, 
Therefore  be  careful  how  you  live. 
Repent  in  time,  no  time  delay' 
I  in  my  prime  was  called  away. 

Nearly  opposite  this  is  one  on  a  very  young  child : 
The  babe  that's  caught  from  womb  and  breast, 
Claim  right  to  sing  above  the  rest, 
Because  they  found  the  happy  shore 
They  never  saw  or  sought  before. 


(32) 

As  this  path  comes  out  on  the  brow  of  the  hill, 
near  a  white  fence,  is  a  stone  to  Elizabeth  Savery, 
1831: 

Remember  me  as  you  pass  by 
As  you  are  now,  so  once  was  I ; 
As  I  am  now,  so  you  will  be, 
Therefore  prepare  to  follow  me. 

There  are  two  stones  on  the  hill  with  this 
epitaph: 

Moses  Bush,  1807. 
Strangers  and  friends,  while  you  gaze  on  my  urn, 
Remember  death  will  call  you  in  your  turn  : 
Therefore  prepare  to  meet  your  God  on  high, 
When  he  rides  glorious  through  the  upper  sky. 

Going-  towards  the  main  entrance,  along  the  top 
of  the  hill: 

This  woman  was  full  of  good  works  and  alms  deeds  which 
9he  did. 

Death  but  entombs  the  body. 

Life  the  soul: 

Hers'  was  the  meekness  of  the  rising  morn. 

Polly  Holmes,  1794. 
Death  is  a  debt  to  nature  due, 
Which  I  have  paid  and  so  must  you. 

In  a  line  with  the  Spring  Street  entrance,  near 
the  Cushman  monument: 

Isaac  Eames  Cobb,  1789. 
Possessed  he  talents  ten,  or  five  or  one, 
The  work  he  had  to  do,  that  work  was  done; 
Improv'd  his  mind,  in  wisdom's  ways  he  trod, 
Reluctant  died,  but  died  resigned  to  God. 

Ruth  Bartlett,  1802. 
Weep  not  for  me, 
But  weep  for  yourselves. 


(33) 

The  rambler  among  Plymouth's  ancient  streets 
will  find  the  dark,  old  Carver-Mitchel,  Stevens  and 
Leach  houses,  all  built  before  the  year  1680,  the 
monument  on  Training  Green  commemorating  the 
Plymouth  soldiers  who  died  in  the  late  civil  war. 
Pilgrim  Springs,  where  the  fair  Priscillas  of  the 
forlorn  village  came  for  water  in  those  dreary 
winter  days  when  the  sturdy  Pilgrims  were  beset 
on  every  side  with  dangers,  famine,  pestilence  and 
the  savages.  Many  other  localities  are  connected 
with  interesting  events  in  that  time,  or  with  le- 
gends of  the  remote  and  romantic  past. 

Another  locality  which  the  tourist  should  visit  is 
the  National  Monument  to  the  Pilgrim  Fathers, 
on  Allerton  street,  a  vast  pile  of  carved  granite 
crowned  by  a  very  impressive  statue  of  Faith, 
forty  feet  high  and  the  largest  stone  figure  in  the 
world.  This  magnificent  work  of  art  cost  thirty 
thousand  dollars  and  was  presented  by  the  Hon. 
Oliver  Ames,  a  native  of  Plymouth.  The  corner 
stone  of  the  monument  was  laid  August  2.  1859, 
under  the  auspices  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Free 
Masons  of  the  State  of  Massachusetts.  It  was  de- 
signed by  Hammat  Billings  of  Boston.  The  base 
of  the  monument  was  placed  in  position  in  the 
summer  of  1876,  and  a  year  later  the  great  statue 
of  Faith  was  placed  in  position.  The  total  height 
of  the  monument,  which  is  said  to  be  the  finest 
piece  of  granite  statuary  in  the  world,  is  eighty- 
one  feet.  The  plan  of  the  principal  pedestal  is 
octagonal,  with  four  large  and  four  small  faces. 
From  the  small  faces  project  four  buttresses  or 


National  Monument  to  the  Forefathers* 


(35) 

wing  pedestals,  on  each  of  which  will  be  a  seated 
figure,  emblematic  of  the  principles  upon  which 
the  Pilgrims  proposed  to  found  their  Common- 
wealth. The  first  is  Morality,  holding  the  Deca- 
logue in  her  left  hand,  and  the  scroll  of  Revelation 
in  her  right;  her  look  is  upward  toward  the  imper- 
sonation of  the  Spirit  of  Religion  above ;  in  a  niche 
on  one  side  of  her  throne  is  a  prophet,  and  in  the 
other,one  of  the  Evangelists  ;the  second  of  these  fig- 
ures to  be  Law :  one  side  Justice ;  on  the  otherMerey 
The  third  will  be  Education  :  on  one  side  Wisdom, 
ripe  with  years;  on  the  other,  youth  led  by  Expe- 
rience. The  fourth  figure  is  to  be  Freedom:  on 
one  side,  Peace  rests  under  its  protection ;  on  the 
other,  Tyranny  is  over  thrown  by  its  power.  Upon 
the  faces  of  these  projecting  pedestals  are  to  be 
altoreliefs,  representing  scenes  from  the  history  of 
the  Pilgrims:  the  departure  from  Delft  Haven  ;  the 
signing  of  the  Social  Compact;  the  landing  at 
Plymouth;  and  the  first  treaty  witli  the  Indians. 
On  each  of  the  four  faces  of  the  main  pedestal  is  a 
large  panel  with  records.  That  in  front  contains 
the  general  inscriptions  of  the  monuments,  viz: 
^National  Monument  to  the  Forefathers.  Erected 
by  a  grateful  people  in  remembrance  of  their  la- 
bors, sacrifices,  and  sufferings  for  the  cause  of  civil 
and  religious  liberty,"  The  right  and  left  panels 
contain  the  names  of  those  who  came  over  in  the 
Mayflower.  The  rear  panel  is  plain,  to  have  an 
inscription  at  some  future  day. 

Turning  our  backs  for  a  time  on  rocks  and  relics, 
on  memorials  and  monuments,  on  ancient  streets 


(36) 

and  ''traditional  stones,"  let  us  direct  our  steps  into 
Nature's  retreats.  Here,  perhaps,  after  all,  we  will 
see  more  of  Plymouth  as  it  was  in  the  days  of  the 
forefathers  than  is  possible  to  find  elsewhere. 
Within  the  borders  of  the  town  are  over  forty 
thousand  acres  of  woodland,  much  of  which  is  the 
same  primitive  wilderness  that  was  trodden  by  the 
Pilgrims. 

The  territory  of  Plymouth  is  irregular  in  "lay 
out,"  the  town  being  eighteen  miles  long  and  from 
four  to  nine  miles  wide,  the  coast  line  including, 
as  the  result  of  numerous  indentations  and  tortu- 
ous windings,  nearly  double  the  length  above 
mentioned.  For  physical  features,  the  land  is 
broken  in  outline  and  rolling  in  every  part,  being- 
heaped  up  in  quick  succeeding  hills  and  ranges, 
like  the  billows  of  the  ocean  in  a  strong  tideway, 
this  conformation  affording  situations  for  numer- 
ous ponds  and  lakelets,  hundreds  of  which  are  to 
be  found  within  the  town  limits,  their  clear  waters, 
usually  white-sanded  shores  and  bottoms,  render- 
ing them  attractive  features,  to  say  nothing  of  the 
stores  of  fine  fish  with  which  many  of  them  are 
stocked,  either  naturally  or  by  artifical  methods. 
The  forests  are  ancient  and  primeval,  sometimes 
extending  for  miles  without  a  break  save  where 
great  fires  have  devastated,  and  showing  neither 
building  nor  clearing  in  evidence  that  man  ever 
brought  the  region  under  subjection.  Within  the 
past  decade  as  many  as  two  hundred  deer  have  been 
killed  in  these  and  the  adjacent  woods  of  Sand- 
wich during  a  single  year,  and  not  a  season  passes 


(37) 
that  sportsmen  or  sojourners  do  not  see  specimens 
of  this  noble  game  in  these  locations.  Skirting 
the  lakes  and  ponds  and  winding  over  and  among 
the  hills,  innumerable  roads  thread,  well-defined 
and  hardened  by  the  usage  of  nearly  three  centu- 
ries, and  affording  the  most  beautiful  drive-ways 
imaginable.  Delightsome  ocean  views  are  obtain- 
ed from  the  summits  of  hill-tops  extending  for 
miles  inland,  and  outlooks  over  fair  sections  of 
hill  and  dale,  with  water-bits  shimmering  and 
glistening  in  the  picture,  so  beautiful  that  some- 
times the  original  Indian  occupants  of  the  land 
bestowed  their  most  musically  descriptive  names 
to  designate  the  sections  or  localities.  Springs  of 
purest  water  abound  and  bubble  over  on  every  side, 
often  proving  the  sources  of  the  finest  ponds.  Ma- 
ny of  these  sheets  of  water  are  embosomed  in  wild 
forests,  in  which  the  red  deer,  the  eagle  and  the 
wood-duck  still  find  a  resting  place. 


i      A. 


m    » 


/ 


'I       illlj^L 


^V- 


THE  GURNET. 


PLYMOUTH. 


The  population,  census  1895,  was  8,945.  By  the 
assessors'  returns  for  1895,  the  total  valuation  of  the 
town  was  $6,678,700;  real  estate,  $4,652,275;  personal 
estate,  $2,026,425 ;  number  of  dwelling-  houses,  1,607 ; 
number  of  polls,  2,416;  number  of  persons  assessed, 
3,471 ;  number  of  acres  of  taxed  land,  50,800;  rate  of 
taxation  on  $1000,  $16.80.  The  amount  to  be  raised 
for  current  and  ordinary  expenses  for  the  year  1895 
is  $76,993.36. 

Most  of  the  manufactories  of  Plymouth  are  so 
situated  that  they  do  not  attract  the  notice  of 
visitors.  During  the  day,  likewise,  the  population 
is  occupied  in  labor,  so  that  it  is  noticeable  that 
but  few  idlers  are  on  the  streets.  From  these 
circumstances  it  is  often  inferred  that  the  town  is 
quiet,  and  but  little  going  on  in  the  way  of  busi- 
ness. The  facts  are,  however,  that  a  very  large 
amount  of  manufacturing  of  a  diversified  nature  is 
done  here,  statistics  showing  that  few  places  of  this 
size  are  more  busily  engaged,  the  total  product  of 
the  industries  of  the  town  being  about  $7,000,000,  and 
one  manufacturing  corporation  paying  a  tax  on  its 
plant  of  $8,  251.75  the  present  year.      The  manufac- 


(40) 

hires  comprise:  cordage,  the  largest  and  most 
complete  works  in  the  world;  woolen  cloths,  a 
large  mill;  cotton  duck,  two  extensive  mills;  tacks 
and  rivets,  three  very  large  concerns;  nails  and 
plate  iron,  a  heavy  concern  extensively  engaged  ; 
zinc  and  copper  rolling  mills,  also  making  nails 
and  tacks  of  these  metals,  two  large  affairs,  one 
owning  mines  and  getting  out  its  own  zinc  from 
the  ore  in  Tennessee;  iron  foundry,  a  large  well 
appointed  concern  making  stoves;  hoots  and  shoes, 
two  large  factories;  barrel,  keg  and  box  factory; 
bedstead  joints,  one  large  factory  supplying  the 
mammoth  furniture  establishments  of  the  West; 
two  insulated  wire  factories,  busily  engaged  in 
covering  wire  for  electrical  purposes;  steel  shanks, 
two  concerns  extensively  engaged  ;  a  large  hat  and 
straw  factory;  two  newspaper  and  job  printing 
omces,  and,  besides  these  leading  industries,  ma- 
chine shops,  mills  and  small  shops  of  different 
kinds  in  large  numbers. 

It  is  to  be  noted  that  the  manufactures  of  Ply- 
mouth are  of  excellent  quality,  hemp,  cordage, 
cotton  duck,  and  woolen  cloth  especially  standing 
the  highest  in  reputation  and  being  well  known  all 
over  the  country.  The  duck  for  the  sails  of  the 
famous  yachts  Puritan  and  Mayflower,  which  won 
the  International  races,  was  made  by  the  Russell 
Mills  Company  of  this  town. 

As  a  port  of  entry,  the  town  stands  next  to  Bos- 
ton, in  the  Massachusetts  district,  outranking  in 
the  amount  of  revenue  collected,  Salem,  Glouces- 
ter, Fall  River  and  New  Bedford,  the  aggregate 


(41) 

revenues  of  the  last  two  cities  being  only  about 
$3,000  over  that  of  Plymouth  alone,  in  1888,  when 
the  amount  of  customs  receipts  was  $97,000,  show- 
ing that  the  commerce  of  the  place  is  of  considera- 
ble importance.  The  foreign  imports  are  mainly 
hemp,  iron  and  wool.  Hemp  wras  put  on  the  free 
list  in  the  McKinley  tariff,  thus  reducing  the 
revenue,  still  Plymouth  in  1891  held  place  next  to 
Boston,  collecting  $73,656.31  at  a  cost  of  $3,361.10. 

The  town  is  provided  with  all  the  conveniences 
of  a  city,  including  public  water  works,  with 
thirty-five  miles  of  pipes,  introduced  in  1855,  hav- 
ing been  previously  supplied  on  a  smaller  scale  by 
a  private  company  in  1794,  the  first  incorporated 
for  the  purpose  in  the  state,  which  brought  water 
two  miles  in  bored  logs,  as  pipes  were  not  then 
made.  The  cost  of  the  works  to  1892  is  $240,000.  A 
gas  company,  established  in  1854,  supplies  the  main 
part  of  the  town  with  its  illuminant.  There  are 
seven  excellent  hotels  within  the  town  limits, 
three  of  them  well  known  and  fully  patronized 
summer  resorts,  while  the  public  houses  of  the 
main  portion  are  also  constantly  filled  with  per- 
manent and  transient  guests.  A  fine  steam  fire 
department  is  maintained  by  the  town,  and  the 
streets  are  fully  electric-lighted  at  public  expense. 
An  electric  street  railway  also  runs  through  the 
town  for  six  miles  of  its  principal  thoroughfares. 
The  sojourner  here  will  also  find  in  matters  of 
religious  belief  so  great  a  diversity,  that  almost 
exceptional  views  must  be  held  where  one  cannot 
find  opportunity  to  wrorship  with  an  established 


(42) 

congregation  of  his  own  faith.  The  churches  em- 
brace Congregational,  Unitarian,  Baptist,  Univer- 
salist,  Methodist,  Catholic,  Advent,  Episcopal, 
holding  services  every  Sunday,  and  besides  these, 
Spiritualists,  German  Lutherans,  and  New  Church 
people  hold  meetings  occasionally,  the  former 
sometimes  carrying  them  through  a  portion  of  the 
year  on  stated  evenings.  Plymouth  thus  exempli- 
fies most  strikingly  the  fact  that  the  Fathers 
founded  here  religious  liberty,  which  their  descen- 
dants now  so  fully  enjoy.  For  educational  purposes 
the  town  makes  liberal  provision,  and  the  schools 
rank  among  the  best  in  the  state,  the  standard  of 
scholarship  being  high.  In  1891  the  town  appro- 
priated $40,000  for  a  new  High  School  building,  and 
the  fine  brick  structure  on  Lincoln  street — accom- 
modating 200  or  more  pupils — was  occupied  by  the 
school  on  May  2,  1892.  The  graded  system  of 
schools,  under  a  superintendant,  has  been  employed 
for  over  thirty-eight  years. 

Morton  Park  is  a  tract  of  nearly  200  acres  of 
unsurpassable  woodland,  beautifully  diversified, 
and  lying  along  the  shores  of  Billington  Sea,  a  fine 
lake  of  fresh  water.  This  park  was  in  large  part  a 
gift  to  the  town  from  Nathaniel  Morton,  Esq.,  a 
very  public  spirited  citizen.  Other  gentlemen  were 
associated  with  him  to  some  extent  in  the  gift, and 
the  town  added  to  the  gift  an  adjoining  tract  which 
it  owned,  devoting  the  whole  to  park  purposes  in 
1890.  It  is  but  about  a  mile  from  the  centre  of  the 
town,  and  is  extremely  attractive  in  the  beauty  of 
its  natural  scenery.      The  town  in  April,  1892,  took 


(43) 
for  park  purposes  also  an  unoccupied  piece  of  land 
at  the  head  of  Plymouth    Beach,  and  bordering-  on 
the  open  bay,  which  in  time  will  be  made  into  a 
pretty  Marine  park. 

Leaving  the  Monument,  we  will  descend  Cush- 
man  Street,  the  first  street  on  our  left  as  we  leave 
the  monument  grounds  southward.  At  its  foot  we 
come  out  on  Court  Street.  We  first  pass  Samoset 
Street  on  our  right,  and  the  avenues  to  the  R.  te- 
station on  our  left.  Next,  on  our  right,  near  tin1 
Catholic  Church,  is  Vernon  Street.  Chilton  Street 
runs  off  to  the  left  by  Pilgrim  Hall.  A  little  far- 
ther along,  Howland  Street  leads  off  down  to  the  wa- 
ter. Here,  on  the  right,  Russell  Street  opens,  run- 
ning up  over  the  hill  to  Summer  Street.  At  the  far- 
ther side  of  the  little  parkin  front  of  the  Court 
House, we  cross  South  Russell  Street  ;opposite  Court 
Square,  Brewster  Street,  opens  down  to  the  harbor. 
Then  we  come  to  Shirley  Square,  where  at  first  we 
turned  down  North  Street  to  visit  the  Rock.  We 
will  now  keep  on  through  Main  Street.  The  Cen- 
tral House  faces  the  square,  and  at  the  foot  of 
North  Street,  on  Cole's  Hill,  is  the  Plymouth  Rock 
House.  Next  to  the  Central  House,  the  large  brick 
building  is  Davis  Building,  erected  in  1854;  the 
lower  part  has  stores  and  above  are  various  offices. 
Tn  the  upper  part  is  a  small  public  hall,  and  in  the 
rear  is  a  large  hall,  with  dining  and  ante-rooms  for 
large  audiences.  Next  beyond  this  is  the  Bank 
Building,  erected  1841,  in  which  are  the  Plymouth 
National  and  Plymouth  Five  Cents  Saving  Banks. 
The  Plymouth  Savings  Bank  owns  the  fine  new 


(44) 

building  for  banking  and  other  purposes,  built  in 
1888,  on  the  next  lot  South.  The  lower  floor  is 
occupied  by  the  Savings  Bank  and  the  Old  Col  my 
National  Bank,  while  on  the  second  floor  is  the 
Plymouth  Public  Library,and  the  Old  Colony  Club 
rooms,  conveniently  furnished.  The  third  floor  is 
occupied  by  the  Black  and  White  Club,  a  cosy 
little  family  of  home  artists  ;and  on  the  same  level  is 
the  hall  of  Plymouth  Bay  Lodge  Knights  of  Honor, 
which  also  accommodates  several  other  local  organ- 
izations of  a  charitable  and  beneficial  character. 
Th.'  Masonic  building,  built  in  1847,  stands  nearly 
opposite  mi  the  corner  of  Main  and  Middle  Streets. 
It  was  purchased  in  1869  by  Plymouth  Lodge,  A. 
F.  A:  A.  M.,  and  fitted  up  by  them  for  their  present 
purposes.  Next  north  of  this  is  a  fine  brick  build- 
ing, erected  in  1878,  for  the  accommodation  of  the 
two  -■team  engines  of  the  town,  with  rooms 
overhead  for  the  use  of  the  companies.  The  first 
of  these  engines  was  bought  in  1870,  the  second  one 
in  ls74.  Middle  Street,  of  which  Masonic  building 
is  the  corner,  leads  to  Cole's  Hill.  Now  we  come 
to  Leyden  Street.  The  rear  portion  of  the  building 
on  the  corner  of  Main  and  Leyden  Streets  Wes- 
ton,s  express  office,  is  very  ancient;  there  is  good 
reason  to  suppose  that  it  formerly  was  a  black- 
smith's shop,  that  in  1690  was  the  only  building  on 
the  square  bounded  by  Main,  Middle  and  Leyden 
Streets,  and  the  alley.  Crossing  Leyden  Street,  we 
come  into  Market  Street.  At  the  right  is  Town 
Square  and  entrance  to  Burial  Hill.  Here  also  is 
the  Town  House,  which  was  the  old  County  Court 


(45) 

House  in  the  time  of  George  III.,  and  Odd  Fellows1 
Hall  likewise  fronts  011  the  square.  Passing  down 
Market  Street,  on  the  right  High  Street  runs  over 
the  hill  to  Summer  Street,  which  is  the  next  street 
on  the  right,  and  follows  the  course  of  the  brook, 
and  which  is  the  road  to  the  different  manufacto- 
ries on  the  stream.  Descending  the  hill,  at  the 
foot  of  Market  Street  we  find  ourselves  at  a  fork  of 
roads.  The  street  leading  up  the  hill  is  Pleasant 
Street.  Leading  up  on  Watson's  Hill,  where  Mas- 
sasoit's  Indian  Warriors  first  appeared  to  the 
Pilgrims,  from  Pleasant  Street,  are  Robinson,  Jef- 
ferson, Franklin  and  Washington  Streets.  May- 
flower Street  runs  over  Watson's  Hill  from  Robin- 
son Street  to  South  Street,  which  is  a  continuation 
of  Pleasant  Street.  Taking  the  street  at  our  left, 
at  the  foot  of  Market  Street,  which  is  Sandwich 
Street,  we  eome  to  where  Water  Street  intersects  it. 
Just  below  here  are  the  extensive  works  of  the 
Plymouth  Foundry  Company,  established  in  1866 
Ascending  the  hill,  we  come  to  Training  Green, 
laid  out  from  the  early  days  of  the  Colony  as  a 
drill  and  parade  ground.  The  Soldiers'  Monument 
is  in  the  middle  of  the  Green.  North  Green  and 
Green  Street,  connect  with  Pleasant  Street ;  oppo- 
site North  Green  Street,  Bradford  Street  leads  to 
the  water.  Beyond  the  Green,  South  Street  takes 
one  to  the  woods,  and  Fremont  to  the  water.  Along- 
shore in  the  direction  of  Sandwich  Street,  Union 
Street  extends  from  Water  to  Fremont  Street. 

Passing  the  laiTge  factory  of  the  Plymouth  Straw 
Works  a  little  farther  southward  we  come  to  a 
district  of  the  town,  known  from  early  times  as 


(46) 

Hob's  Hole.  On  the  left  hand,  in  the  meadows, 
the  visitor  will  see  an  inlet  affording  a  harbor  for 
boats.  This  is  the  Hole;  and  as  Hobomock,  the 
faithful  Indian  friend  of  the  Pilgrims,  had  land 
assigned  him  not  far  away,  it  is  possible  that  this 
Hole  was  on  his  land,  and  that  Hob's  is  but  a  nat- 
ural contraction  for  Hobomock's.  For  another  and 
more  probable  derivation  of  the  name,  our  readers 
are  referred  to  Davis'  Ancient  Landmarks  of  Ply- 
mouth, in  which  may  be  found  also  a  history  of  the 
various  lots  of  land  in  the  town,  with  a  statement 
of  their  owners  and  occupants  from  the  original 
grantees  to  the  present  time.  Beyond  this  is 
another  district,  known  and  alluded  [to  in  the  ear- 
list  records  as  Wellingsley.  No  clue  to  the  origin 
of  this  name  lias  ever  been  found.  In  this  section 
are  some  of  the  oldest  houses  in  the  town  ;  but  they 
have  been  repaired  and  modernized  so  that  they 
do  not  have  that  appearance  at  present.  Old 
people,  now  living,  can  remember  when  several  of 
them  had  the  ovens  and  chimneys  built  on  the 
outside  of  the  house,  called  "Dutch  ovens,'1 
and  used  in  the  Netherlands  and  in  places  set- 
tled by  people  from  those  states,  in  this  country. 
On  one  old  house  on  the  left  hand  side,  just 
before  descending  a  hill,  standing  back  from 
the  road,  the  date  of  1778  may  be  seen.  This 
date  marks  the  repairs  of  the  house  only,  the  orig- 
inal structure  having  been  discovered  by  Mr.  Da- 
vis to  have  been  standing  in  166G.  Other  houses 
built  before  1700  are  the  following:  The  Leach  House, 
at  the  Northeast   corner   of   Summer    and    Spring 


(47) 

Streets,  though  it  has  been  added  to  at  various 
times,  was  originally  built  in  or  about  1679.  *It  was 
built  by  George  Bonum,  and  sold  in  theaboveyear 
to  Robert  Barrows.  The  Shurtleff  House,  which  until 
recently  stood  at  the  corner  of  Leyderi  and  Mar- 
ket Streets,  though  enlarged  from  time  to  time, 
was  built  by  William  Shurtleff  before  1698.  In 
1883  it  was  moved  from  the  corner  to  where  it  now 
stands  on  Market  Street,  adjoining-  the  Drew 
Block,  and  the  corner  of  the  lot  was  cut  off.  The 
Cole  Blacksmith  Shop,  around  which  the  building 
occupied  and  owned  by  Harvey  W.  Weston,  ex- 
pressman, on  the  corner  of  Leyden  and  Main 
Streets,  has  been  built,  was  conveyed,  with  an  acre 
of  land,  in  L684,  by  James  Cole  to  his  son  Ephraim. 
The  shop  may  be  distinctly  seen  by  passing 
through  the  express  office,  exhibiting  the  timbers 
and  clapboards  and  wrought  "nails  of  the  period. 
The  Howland  House,  on  Sandwich  St.,  conatins 
within  its  ample  proportions,  additions  to  which 
mark  different  periods,  the  small  old  house  built  by 
Jacob  Mitchell  about  16.66  which  was  sold  by  him  to 
Jabez  Howland,  John  Howland  one  of  the  Mayflow- 
er's passengers,  was  father  of  Jabez  and  as  he  lived 
a  number  of  years,  while  his  son  was  an  occupant  of 
this  house,  it  is  probable  that  he  was  many  times 
a  visitor  within  its  walls.  The  southeast  corner 
room  in  the  lower  story  was  included  within  the 
limits  of  the  old  house.  The  William  Harlow 
House,  on  Sandwich  Street,  next  South  of  Sears1 
wood  yard,  was  built  in  1678,  partly  of  the  mate- 
rial of  the  old  fort  on   Burial    Hill.      The   lot  was 


(49) 

granted  by  the  town  to  William  Harlow  in  1685,  and 
was  discribed  as  ' 'being  a  little  knowl  or  small 
pa  reel  of  land  lying  near  his  now  dwelling  house, 
on  the  westerly  side  of  the  road,  to  sett  a  new 
house  upon.'1  The  house  has  been  somewhat  re- 
modelled, but  still  contains  the  timbers  taken  from 
the  fort  at  the  close  of  King*  Philip's  war.  The 
('now  House,  in  the  north  part  of  the  town  near 
the  Cordage  Factory,  was  built  about  1664  by  Wil- 
liam Crow.  It  now  stands  entire,  forming  the  rear 
part  of  what  is  called  the  Thomas  Jackson  house, 
a  little  back  from  the  road  on  its  easterly  side,  after 
passing-  Seaside  chapel.  It  is  referred  to  in  a  deed 
of  land  from  Francis  Billington  to  William  Crow, 
in  1664,  in  which  the  land  is  bounded  by  the  estate 
on  which  Mr.  Crow  now  lives. 

We  have  now  shown  visitors  the  principal  places 
and  objects  of  interest.  If  they  have  any  rever- 
ence for  the  heroic  souls  who  here  sowed  the  seeds 
from  which  has  sprung  this  great  nation;  If  they 
are  interested  in  the  early  history  of  their  country, 
or  are  curious  in  matters  genealogical,we  trust  that 
they  have  spent  the  time  pleasantly  and  profita- 
bly. We  would  recommend  them  strongly,  before 
they  leave  the  town,  to  spend  a  day  or  two  in  ex- 
ploring the  great  expanses  of  woods  which  afford 
beautiful  drives,  and  are  studded  with  a  countless 
number  of  ponds,  from  those  large  enough  to  be 
dignified  with  the  name  of  lake,  to  the  little  pon- 
dlet  only  large  enough  to  be  the  home  of  the  turtle 
and  the  frog,  proffering  to  the  followers  of  old 
Izaak  Walton,  splendid  sport,      That  Plymouth 


(50) 

does  present  more  than  ordinary  attractions  as  a 
quiet,  recreative  resort,  is  attested  by  the  sojourn 
here  of  thousands  during  the  Summer  months, and 
there  are  few  who  do  not  imbibe  an  attachment  to 
the  place,  or  fail  to  recognize  the  unpretending 
worth  of  its  citizens  who  still  preserve,  in  a 
marked  degree,  the  characteristics  of  their  Pilgrim 
ancestry. 

In  conclusion,  let  us  hope  that  our  little  book 
has  served  its  purpose  as  an  intelligent  guide,  and 
that  the  reader  has  been  informed  and  gratified 
by  its  perusal. 


~±:~ 


En-Route. 


(52) 

FLTnouiti-RocK-  Housed 

PLYMOUTH,  MASS. 

Situated  on  Cole's  Hill,  Overlooking 
Plymouth  Rock  and  the  Bay. 

HIMMItlHNI 

glimmer  lSo&reler^    /\ccommod<ateel. 

DINNER  ON  ARRIVAL  OF  BOAT. 

Steam  Heat.    Electric  Lights. 

House  open  all  the  year 

round. 

C.  1b.  Snellt  proprietor. 
L*/^?>       Wl.  C.  Snell.  Clerk. 

ANNOUNCEMENT. 


The  publishers  of  this  Guide  desire  to 
call  special  attention  to  trie  firms  who 
liave  used  its  advertising  pa^es  as  a 
medium  of  communication  with,  our 
patrons.  They  will  be  recognized  as 
amon£>  the  foremost  progressive  firms 
in  their  respective  lines,  and  no  better 
compliment  can  be  paid  the  publishers 
than  to  mention  when  purchasing  that 
you  saw  their  advertisement  in  the 
Plvmouth  Guide. 


(53) 


STEAMER 


<§ 


-*-* 


mary  Chilton 


Leaves  Pilgrim   Wharf?   Plymouth,    every  \ 

hour  through  the  day  for 

Columbus  Pavilion, 

Where  a  First  Class  Shore  Dinner  is  Served  for  50  Cents, 
THE  ONLY  BEACH  FOR  BATHING, 


(54) 
DON'T  FAIL  TO  VISIT  THE 

(pb  Cutioeit?  Sbop,  i%» 

WIHSLOW  BBEWSTEB  STflNDISH. 

(A  lineal  descendant  of  Capt.  Myles  Standish.) 

Dealer  in  Ancient  and  Antique  Furniture,  Pewter  Ware, 

Crockery  and  China,  Fire  Sets,  Old  Books  and  a 

Variety  of  Ancient  Articles. 

Also  a  large  assortment  of  Views,  Guide  Books 
and  other  Plymouth  Souvenirs. 

S<?*  i£™  !<£*  v^*  t^*  C^* 

WATER  STREET,  NEAR  FOOI  OF  LEYDON,  PLYMOUTH,  MASS. 
CHAS.  A.  SMITH, 


Our  25  Cent  Album 
in  Photogravure 
Contains  HU  tbe 
Principal  Uiews. 
««««««««««««««««« 


PflyurroaDimnlh 

Mews 

•MdDdDnuii 


A  Complete  Assortment  of  Souvenir  Views,  Haps, 
Guides,  Paper  Weights,  Spoons,  Etc. 

Before  leaving  town  be  sure   and   come  in  and  look  over 
our  Toys  and  Fancy  Goods  and  Pilgrim  China 


PLYMOUTH,  MASS 


(55) 
Headquarters  for 

^£ouvenirs  of  ^  ^ 


Historic  Interest, 


WE    HAVE   EVERY   DESIGN    IN 

SOUVENIR  SPOONS 

OF   ANY  ARTISTIC   OR    HISTORIC   VALUE. 

We  have  designs  EXCLUSIVELY  OUR  OWN, 
and  which  cannot  be  obtained  elsewhere.  We  intro= 
duce  this  season  the  "  COURTSHIP  OF  MILES 
STANDISH "  Spoon,  one  of  the  most  beautiful 
for  which  a  die  has  ever  been  cut. 

many  novelties  in  Sterling  Silver. 

©©ffidnnng!  Braxfflueirs 

jewelers,         ^> 


J^o-  24  JMain  Street, 
$  ®  ®  ««  Plymouth,  JVLass- 


(56) 


(57) 

SMOKE 

C.  H. 

10  CENT  CIGARS. 

Goldsmith,  Silver  &  Co.,  Manufacturers. 

)VLi89  T).  D,  qiasbburn, 

SOLE  AGENT  FOR  THE 

Sir       aft     PLYMOUTH 

&*r       I    MAYFLOWER 
ew«.         ii    CHINA. 

Millinery,  Veilings,  Laces,  Neckties,  Pilgrim  China, 
Pilgrim  Souvenirs,  Fancy  Goods,  Etc. 

NO.  7  LEYDEN  STREET,  PLYMOUTH,  MASS. 

Exactly  Main  Street. 


(58) 


f^ouecbold.  ,*? 


GJhen  Y°u  ®et  Borne***** 


Send  us  your  address  and  we  will  mail  you  our  Art 
Souvenir  of  the  Best  Stoves  and  Ranges  yet  made. 


White.  Wmntn  S  Co., 

TAUNTON,  MASS. 


Tim  Best  Carriage  in  Town 


CAN  BE  FOUND  AT  THE 
NEW  STABLE  OF 


MinidlEeir, 


Directly  opposite  the  depot  and  a 
few  minutes'  walk  from  the  Boat 
Landing,  where  you  will  find  .... 


Hacks,  Barges,  Buckboards,  Three 
and  Four-Seated  Carriages,  and  every 
style  of  Turnout  always  In  readiness, 
with  or  without  drivers,  at  the  lowest 
reasonable  prices. 


Earnest  Stable  in  Plymouth  County, 

EVERYTHINC  NEW  AND  FIRST-CLASS. 

E.  G  CHANDLER, 

Successor  to  J.  H.  Weeks  &  Co. 

^^-.Opposite  the  Depot. 


1  Gbe  TEbree  Best  Iflews-    j 

j  papers  in  Tflew  JSrtQlanb  j 

•  i 

jum*  MORNING 
EVENING 
SUNDAY 

j  Boston^g       j 

5  For  sale  by  all  newsboys  | 

on  all  trains  everywhere 
in  New  Eng;landj*«5M«^ 

Tttsist  on  bavins  it 


